Rate-Distortion Optimization Using Adaptive Lagrange Multipliers

Adaptive Rate-Distortion Optimization for H.264

In video coding standards, such as MPEG-4 and H.263, one important question is how to determine motion vectors for motion compensation in the INTER mode. Usually the sum of absolute differences (SAD) or the sum of squared differences (SSD) is employed as a matching criterion. Although these criteria are related to the distortion, they do not consider the bit rate appropriately. If we want to co...

Substructuring by Lagrange Multipliers

Lagrange Multipliers and Optimality

Lagrange multipliers used to be viewed as auxiliary variables introduced in a problem of constrained minimization in order to write first-order optimality conditions formally as a system of equations. Modern applications, with their emphasis on numerical methods and more complicated side conditions than equations, have demanded deeper understanding of the concept and how it fits into a larger t...

Optimal Lagrange Multipliers for Dependent Rate Allocation in Video Coding

In a typical video rate allocation problem, the objective is to optimally distribute a source rate budget among a set of (in)dependently coded data units to minimize the total distortion of all units. Conventional Lagrangian approaches convert the lone rate constraint to a linear rate penalty scaled by a multiplier in the objective, resulting in a simpler unconstrained formulation. However, the...

Content Adaptive Lagrange Multiplier Selection for Rate-Distortion Optimization in 3-D Wavelet-Based Scalable Video Coding

Rate-distortion optimization (RDO) plays an essential role in substantially enhancing the coding efficiency. Currently, rate-distortion optimized mode decision is widely used in scalable video coding (SVC). Among all the possible coding modes, it aims to select the one which has the best trade-off between bitrate and compression distortion. Specifically, this tradeoff is tuned through the choic...